{"id":57281,"date":"2012-06-06T11:42:00","date_gmt":"2012-06-06T09:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/yuri-el-manga-que-enten\/"},"modified":"2012-06-06T11:42:00","modified_gmt":"2012-06-06T09:42:00","slug":"yuri-el-manga-que-enten","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/es\/yuri-el-manga-que-enten\/","title":{"rendered":"Yuri, el manga que ent\u00e9n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Si alguna de vosaltres pensava que el manga era un reducte heterosexual i propi d\u2019adolescents, que llegeixi atentamente aquest article. \u00c9s probable que descobriu un g\u00e8nere, dins el manga, al qual les protagonistes, s\u00e0vies guerreres, noies d\u2019institut o deeses d\u2019altres m\u00f3ns\u2026 entenen de tot i del tot. Parlem del<\/span> yuri<\/em>, hist\u00f2ries que, com explica la web Yuricon (una de les poques dedicades exclusivament a aquest g\u00e8nere), estan protagonitzades per \u201cuna intensa connexi\u00f3 emocional, amor rom\u00e0ntic o desig f\u00edsic entre dones\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s\u00a0yuri<\/em>? <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>El terme yuri<\/em> s\u2019utilitza per a descriure qualsevol anime (hist\u00f2ries serialitzades per a TV) o manga que mostra una intensa relaci\u00f3 entre dones. Dins del yuri<\/em> podem distinguir entre shounen<\/em>, ficci\u00f3 escrita per homes per a una audi\u00e8ncia majorit\u00e0riament masculina; el shoujo<\/em>, ficci\u00f3 escrita per dones per a una audi\u00e8ncia per damunt de tot femenina, i el que la web Yuricon anomena yuri<\/em> en estat pur: ficci\u00f3 escrita per lesbianes per a un p\u00fablic de lesbianes. En qualsevol cas, els tres formats s\u00f3n considerats yuri<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Erica Friedman<\/strong>, experta en yuri<\/em>, fundadora de Yuricon, de l\u2019editorial ALC Publishing i del m\u00e9s que recomenable blog Okazu, ho ha explicat molt b\u00e9 en una entrevista a la revista Michiru Yuri<\/a>: \u201cYuri no \u00e9s una cosa concreta. \u00c9s una combinaci\u00f3 de molts elements, creats per persones diferents i destinats a p\u00fablics diversos. Per exemple, \u2018Aoi Hana\u2019 \u00e9s un yuri escrit per una dona que explica una historia molt real d\u2019una estudiant de secund\u00e0ria que s\u2019enamora d\u2019una altra; en canvi, \u2018Shoujo sect\u2019 \u00e9s una s\u00e9rie amb molt contingut pornogr\u00e0fic escrita per un home per a un p\u00fablic, en principi, mascul\u00ed, i les dues hist\u00f2ries s\u00f3n yuri. Les dues tenen poques coses en com\u00fa m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de tractar el lesbianisme\u201d.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Precedents <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Si volem trobar un precedent llegendari del yuri<\/em>, hem de viatjar fins l\u2019any 1953, quan Osamu Tezuka <\/strong>va escriure i dibuixar \u2018La princesa caballero\u2019. La hist\u00f2ria \u00e9s simple: al regne de la Vall Platejada, els seus reis nom\u00e9s van tenir una filla, de manera que per a assegurar la dinastia van prendre la decisi\u00f3 d\u2019educar a la seva filla Zafiro com si fos un nen.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tamb\u00e9 a \u2018Lady Oscar\u2019, un manga en 10 volums (la hist\u00f2ria s\u2019acaba en realitat al volum 9, per\u00f2 el 10 \u00e9s un extra en el que la protagonista t\u00e9 relacions amb una dona madura), ens trobem amb una noia a qui els seus pares eduquen com un home. Ella \u00e9s Oscar Fran\u00e7ois de Jarjeives i \u00e9s la protagonista d\u2019una hist\u00f2ria ambientada a l\u2019\u00e8poca de la Revoluci\u00f3 Francesa.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Aquest manga, creat per una llicenciada en filosofia que est\u00e0 considerada la reina del shoujo, Ikeda Ryoko<\/strong>, resulta indispensable per a qualsevol amant del yuri<\/em>. I \u00e9s que Lady Oscar, que curiosament est\u00e0 inspirada en un noble franc\u00e8s a qui li agradava vestir-se de dona, est\u00e0 considerada el primer personatge obertament yuri <\/em>de la hist\u00f2ria del manga. Ara que Maria Antonieta <\/strong>est\u00e0 a les cartelleres dels cinemes, amb la pel.l\u00edcula \u2018Adi\u00f3s a la reina\u2019, \u00e9s un bon moment per a revisar aquest yuri que tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s conegut com \u2018La rosa de Versalles\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ikeda<\/strong> t\u00e9 un altre yuri<\/em>, de l\u2019any 1978, \u2018Claudine\u2019, que ens proposa una aut\u00e8ntica hist\u00f2ria de lesbianes. La protagonista, que recorda l\u2019Stephen Gordon, protagonista de \u2018El pozo de la soledad\u2019, de Radclyffe Hall, se sent com un home atrapat en un cos de dona. Lamentablement, i \u00e9s habitual a la nostra cultura, la hist\u00f2ria no acaba b\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

La que s\u00ed que t\u00e9 un final feli\u00e7 \u00e9s la seg\u00fcent historieta: \u2018Paros no ken\u2019 o \u2018La Espada de Paros\u2019, d’Igarashi Yumiko<\/strong>, publicada l\u2019any 1987. Igarashi<\/strong>, col.laboradora d\u2019una s\u00e8rie m\u00edtica, \u201cCandy Candy\u201d, ens trasllada a la illa grega de Paros i ens explica les aventures de la princesa Erminia, hereva del regne, que s\u2019enamora de Fiona, una plebeia<\/b> amb la que finalment i, despr\u00e9s de lluites i batalles, aconsegueix compartir el seu amor.<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\"sailor-moon\"<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

L\u2019any 1992 va n\u00e9ixer la parella de yuri<\/em> m\u00e9s famosa de tots els temps. La formada per\u00a0Haruka i Michiru, protagonistes del c\u00f2mic \u2018Sailor Moon\u2019, de Takeuchi Naoko<\/strong>. La Haruka i la Michiru s\u00f3n dues noies que mantenen una amistat m\u00e9s que rom\u00e0ntica i que arriben a formar una fam\u00edlia alternativa quan decideixen fer-se c\u00e0rrec d\u2019Hotaru. Tamb\u00e9 el manga \u2018Utena\u2019, creat a mitjans dels anys 90 per Chiho Saito<\/strong>, \u00e9s un manga amb cert regust a yuri<\/em>: la seva protagonista \u00e9s una adolescent que vesteix com un pr\u00edncep i \u00e9s absolutament amb\u00edgua i andr\u00f2gina.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2018Card Captor Sakura\u2019, del col.lectiu de creadores Clamp, \u00e9s un altre manga d\u2019aparen\u00e7a infantil que, per a moltes expertes, supura yuri<\/em> per tot arreu gr\u00e0cies a la seva protagonista, la Kinomoto Sakura, i la seva obsessiva admiradora, la Tomoyo.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u2019any 2001 es va publicar \u2018StrawberryPanic!\u2019, escrita por Sakuraku Kimino<\/strong>, una novel.lista especialitzada en series juvenils. Aquesta obra, que amb \u2018Sister Princess\u2019, \u00e9s la m\u00e9s famosa que ha escrit, est\u00e0 centrada en un grup d\u2019adolescents que van a tres escoles femenines: la St. Miator, on regna la Nagisa Aoia; l\u2019escola St, Spica, on ens trobem a la t\u00edmida i silenciosa Hikar iKonohana, i la St. Lulim, on la Chikaru Minamoto presideix el consell d\u2019estudiants del centre.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Nous yuris <\/em>escrits per dones<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Quant a shojo yuri <\/em>actuals, val la pena entretenir-se en alguns t\u00edtols i autores que normalment s\u2019inclouen en els top ten del yuri<\/em> internacional. \u2018Love vibes\u2019, d’Erica Sakurazawa<\/strong>, explica la hist\u00f2ria de Mako, una universit\u00e0ria que surt amb un noi que l\u2019enganya amb una altra dona. Finalment, Mako abandona al noi i \u00e9s aleshores quan coneix una jove, Mika, a qui li agraden tant homes com dones, per qui sent una intensa atracci\u00f3. Erica Sakurazawa <\/strong>tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s l\u2019autora de \u2018Between the sheets\u2019, un yuri<\/em> on es combinen elements de m\u00e0gia i misteri amb el realisme propi de las grans ciutats, que protagonitzen la Saki i la Minako, dues joves de vint anys, i que ha estat qualificat per la cr\u00edtica com \u201cun conte de fades per a adults\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\"Yuri_Monogatari\"<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u2018Rica Tte Kanji\u2019 \u00e9s una altra proposta interessant. La seva autora, Rica Takashima<\/strong>, \u00e9s una polifac\u00e9tica artista i performer, vinculada a l\u2019est\u00e8tica pop (ha exposat a Par\u00eds, Mosc\u00fa i Hong Kong), que en aquesta obra ens explica les tribulacions de Rica, una estudiant de la universitat de dones de Tokio, que al barri gai i l\u00e8sbic de la ciutat, al Nichoume, coneix a v\u00e0ries dones, entre elles una artista molt \u2018cool\u2019, amb la que comen\u00e7a a sortir. \u00c9s una mirada refrescant i sense grans drames a la relaci\u00f3 de dues dones que saben qui s\u00f3n i no es q\u00fcestionen continuament la seva sexualitat. D\u2019agrair.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"otomexranbu\"Un altre indispensable a qualsevol col.lecci\u00f3 de yuri<\/em> \u00e9s l\u2019antologia anual de l\u2019editorial ALC Publishing, \u2018Yuro monogatari\u2019, que presenta relats curts i \u00e9s un mosaic de les novetats que cada any aterren en el planeta yuri. \u2018Twin cake\u2019, d’Hana Aoi<\/strong>, \u00e9s la hist\u00f2ria de Kaede, una jove aspirant a artista que queda fascinada por la Susuran, una model. Fins aqu\u00ed puc llegir. \u2018Otome x ranbu\u2019 \u00e9s un altre b\u00e0sic del yuri dels \u00faltims anys. La seva autora,\u00a0Yoko Imamura<\/strong>, va debutar l\u2019any 2007 dins del g\u00e8nere seinen manga, \u00e9s a dir, un manga destinat a un p\u00fablic adult. \u2018Otome x ranbu\u2019 (Las chicas y la danza salvaje) suposa el seu primer manga yuri<\/em>. I en aquest,\u00a0Imamura<\/strong> utilitza la m\u00e0gia i la lluita com a elements b\u00e0sics en la narraci\u00f3, mentres ens explica la misteriosa vida de Mochiduki Tsubomi, que pateix amn\u00e8sia i coneix a la bella, per\u00f2 arrogant, Izayoi Yukiji. \u2018Honey & honey\u2019, de Takeuchi Sachiko<\/strong>, \u00e9s una mirada realista a la vida d\u2019una parella adulta de lesbianes. De fet \u00e9s una obra autobiogr\u00e0fica i cat\u00e0rquica. Hi ha qui ha dit que \u2018Honey & honey\u2019 \u00e9s com escoltar al mig del metro una discussi\u00f3 de parella.<\/span><\/p>\n

No vull oblidar un altre yuri<\/em>, aquest tradu\u00eft al castell\u00e0 per Ponent Mon, que ocupa un lloc preferent a la meva prestatgeria: \u2018Blue\u2019, de Kiriko Nananan<\/strong>. Es tracta de la hist\u00f2ria d\u2019amor entre dues estudiants, Kayako y Masami, en el que els temes van m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de les relacions lesbianes i s\u2019atreveix amb tem\u00e0tiques m\u00e9s conflictives i de caire social com l\u2019avortament i la viol\u00e8ncia familiar. Kiriko Nananan<\/strong>, a m\u00e9s a m\u00e9s, \u00e9s una autora afiliada al moviment \u2018La nouvelle manga\u2019, un estil que combina influ\u00e8ncies del c\u00f2mic franc\u00e8s i belga amb el manga, ra\u00f3 per la qual ens trobem amb uns dibuixos molt propers als nostres codis occidentals tant culturals com est\u00e8tics.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00faltim, per\u00f2 no el menys important, \u00e9s \u2018Tetsudou Shoujo Manga\u2019, d’Asumiko Nakamura<\/strong>, una autora habitual a revistes com \u2018Gothic & Lolita Bible\u2019 i \u2018Rakuen Le Paradis\u2019 (aquesta \u00faltima inclou hist\u00f2ries heteros, gais i l\u00e8sbiques sense problemes). \u2018Tetsoudo Shoujo Manga\u2019 \u00e9s una recopilaci\u00f3 d\u2019hist\u00f2ries curtes que parla de v\u00e0ries formes d\u2019amor durant un trajecte a la l\u00ednia ferrovi\u00e0ria Odakyu.<\/span><\/p>\n

I aix\u00f2 \u00e9s tot. O m\u00e9s ben dit, aix\u00f2 \u00e9s nom\u00e9s un aperitiu de l\u2019univers yuri<\/em>. Un univers que no \u00e9s massa accessible per a les lectores catalanes. Si \u00e9s dif\u00edcil trobar traduccions al castell\u00e0, imagineu-vos les dificultats que suposa trobar yuri <\/em>japon\u00e9s en catal\u00e0.\u00a0 Malgrat aix\u00f2 fer un volt per la web permet descobrir a moltes fans del yuri<\/em> que, a t\u00edtol personal, tradueixen algunes de les obres que m\u00e9s li agraden.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abans de deixar-vos, us recomano un anime yuri <\/em>per a veure tranquil.lament i, si voleu, acompanyandes: la serie \u2018Noir\u2019, de l\u2019any 2001, que t\u00e9 26 cap\u00edtols i explica la hist\u00f2ria negra, com el seu nom, de dues joves assassines, Kirika Yuumura, una estudiant que ha perdut, no sap perqu\u00e8, els seus records, i\u00a0Mireille Bouquet, que ha vist com tota la seva fam\u00edlia moria assassinada.<\/span><\/p>\n

I ara s\u00ed. Fins aqu\u00ed hem arribat. No hi ha\u00a0tots els que s\u00f3n, per\u00f2 s\u00ed s\u00f3n yuri<\/em> tots els que hi ha. Investigueu, que el yuri <\/em>\u00e9s un univers, una gal.l\u00e0xia, que encara est\u00e0 per a descobrir.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

WEBS INDISPENSABLES<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.yuricon.com\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/michirumagazine.wordpress.com<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/lililicious.net\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/kawaii.sachiko.me\/index.php\/2012\/02\/twin-cake-chapter-2\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.mangainn.com\/topmanga\/38_yuri\/R\/1<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.mangaupdates.com\/series.html?id=67638<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/okazu.blogspot.com.es\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/yurinoboke.blogspot.com.es\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/asumikonakamura.livejournal.com\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

EDITORIALS<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ediciones Gl\u00e9nat; <\/span>La C\u00fapula; <\/span>Ponent Mon; <\/span>ACL Publishing (Yur<\/em>i en angl\u00e8s)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Si alguna de vosaltres pensava que el manga era un reducte heterosexual i propi d\u2019adolescents, que llegeixi atentamente aquest article. \u00c9s probable que descobriu un g\u00e8nere, dins el manga, al qual les protagonistes, s\u00e0vies guerreres, noies d\u2019institut o deeses d\u2019altres […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":72,"featured_media":27841,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26698],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-57281","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ilmlustracio-manga"],"yoast_head":"\nYuri, el manga que ent\u00e9n | La Independent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Si alguna de vosaltres pensava que el manga era un reducte heterosexual i propi d\u2019adolescents, que llegeixi atentamente aquest article. \u00c9s probable que\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/es\/yuri-el-manga-que-enten\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Yuri, el manga que ent\u00e9n | La Independent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Si alguna de vosaltres pensava que el manga era un reducte heterosexual i propi d\u2019adolescents, que llegeixi atentamente aquest article. \u00c9s probable que\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/es\/yuri-el-manga-que-enten\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"La Independent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/tona.gusi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2012-06-06T09:42:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/06\/Riyoko_Ikeda._Lady_Oscar_autora.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"156\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Tona Gusi\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@https:\/\/twitter.com\/tonagusi\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Tona Gusi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"9 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/laindependent.cat\\\/es\\\/yuri-el-manga-que-enten\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/laindependent.cat\\\/es\\\/yuri-el-manga-que-enten\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Tona Gusi\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/laindependent.cat\\\/es\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/48977a569b250ff82a4929194239bcc9\"},\"headline\":\"Yuri, el manga que ent\u00e9n\",\"datePublished\":\"2012-06-06T09:42:00+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/laindependent.cat\\\/es\\\/yuri-el-manga-que-enten\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1844,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/laindependent.cat\\\/es\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/laindependent.cat\\\/es\\\/yuri-el-manga-que-enten\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/laindependent.cat\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2012\\\/06\\\/Riyoko_Ikeda._Lady_Oscar_autora.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Il\u00b7lustraci\u00f3 - 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