{"id":93234,"date":"2026-06-05T09:00:25","date_gmt":"2026-06-05T07:00:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/?p=93234"},"modified":"2026-06-05T15:19:35","modified_gmt":"2026-06-05T13:19:35","slug":"filles-mares-iaies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/en\/filles-mares-iaies\/","title":{"rendered":"Filles, mares, iaies"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Per <strong>Amparo Moreno Sard\u00e0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019\u00faltim cap de setmana del maig de 1976 vam fer el que volien des de feia anys. Semblava impossible. La dictadura no havia acabat. Hav\u00edem preparat les Jornades Catalanes de la Dona en reunions clandestines. I vam demanar un perm\u00eds governatiu. Tot i la il\u00b7lusi\u00f3 de llibertat, \u00e9rem sota un estricte control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Han passat cinquanta anys. Jo en tenia 29 anys. Havia arribat a Barcelona el setembre de 1969. Havia marxat de casa per emancipar-me. M\u2019havien educat per ser esposa i mare. No era la meva aspiraci\u00f3. Havia estudiat Filosofia i Lletres. I volia ser periodista. El setembre de 1971 vaig buscar feina a un diari. El director me va dir que no, que <em>\u201cmodes ja ho tinc cobert\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vaig anar a <em>El Noticiero Universal.<\/em> Me van acceptar. A la secci\u00f3 d\u2019Informaci\u00f3 Local. Vaig con\u00e8ixer la ciutat m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 del centre, los barris perif\u00e8rics on s\u2019acumulava gran quantitat de dones i homes en barraques i sense serveis b\u00e0sics. L\u2019alcalde, <strong>Josep Maria de Porcioles<\/strong>, volia <em>\u201ceradicar-les\u201d<\/em> per construir <em>\u201cla Gran Barcelona\u201d<\/em>. Especular. Amb aquest objectiu havia comprat aquest peri\u00f2dic al qual vaig publicar los meus primers articles. Tamb\u00e9, entrevistes a dones que accedien a llocs professionals fins llavors reservats als homes. Les primeres despr\u00e9s del silenci de la guerra i la dictadura. I al juliol, <em>La mujer opina sobre su emancipaci\u00f3n,<\/em> una enquesta sobre la reforma del Codi Civil per equiparar la majoria d\u2019edat entre dones i homes. La Secci\u00f3 Femenina se sentia obligada a actuar d\u2019acord amb la declaraci\u00f3 que les Nacions Unides havien fet l\u2019any 1967 sobre la Eliminaci\u00f3 de la Discriminaci\u00f3 contra les Dones, origen de l\u2019Any Internacional de la Dona. Aix\u00ed vaig con\u00e8ixer <strong>Mireia Bofill<\/strong>. L\u2019any 1967 havia publicat, amb d\u2019altres, <em>La mujer en Espa\u00f1a<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El setembre de 1972 me vaig incorporar a <em>El Correo Catal\u00e1n<\/em>. Volien tenir una dona. Vaig publicar el primer article el 21 d\u2019octubre i l\u2019\u00faltim l\u20191 de novembre de 1973. Sobre els problemes dels barris, socials, d\u2019ensenyament i d\u2019altres. Permeteren fer un seguiment d&#8217;activitats relacionades amb l\u2019Any Internacional de la Dona. Del 15 de juliol a l&#8217;11 d\u2019agost de 1973, a les p\u00e0gines centrals, <em>La Mujer discriminada. <\/em>En sis cap\u00edtols<em>.<\/em> Sobre els problemes b\u00e0sics. El nivell d\u2019instrucci\u00f3, de l\u2019analfabetisme, dels estudis superiors, la qualificaci\u00f3 laboral, la legislaci\u00f3 civil i penal a partir d\u2019una entrevista a <strong>Magda Oranich<\/strong>, advocada, companya de l\u2019Escola Oficial de Periodisme i amb la qual coincid\u00edem en reunions per organitzar el <em>Moviment de Dones<\/em>, i la discriminaci\u00f3 laboral, amb una entrevista amb<strong> Ascensi\u00f3n Sol\u00e9<\/strong>. Vaig utilitzar <em>El Trabajo de la mujer en Espa\u00f1a<\/em> que la soci\u00f2loga <strong>Maria Angeles Dur\u00e1n<\/strong> havia publicat l\u2019any 1972. L\u2019abril de 1973 tenia el t\u00edtol de periodista. La meva situaci\u00f3 al diari va comen\u00e7ar a ser cada vegada m\u00e9s dif\u00edcil. El director me va explicar que havia de passar a ser <em>\u201ccol\u00b7laboradora\u201d.<\/em> Me va recomanar escriure all\u00f2 que pugues agradar a les esposes dels membres del consell d\u2019administraci\u00f3. I el 28 d\u2019octubre, que no torn\u00e9s a la redacci\u00f3. Que no m\u2019acomiadava perqu\u00e8 <em>\u201cno estava\u201d.<\/em> Li vaig dir: \u201c<em>Posar\u00e9 una demanda en Magistratura per defensar els meus drets com redactora\u201d.<\/em> I li vaig confessar: \u201c<em>Estic embarassada de 6 mesos\u201d<\/em>. El 15 de gener de 1974 se va celebrar el judici. Aquells dies, <strong>Jordi Pujol<\/strong> s\u2019enfrontava als propietaris i adquiria la majoria de les accions. I ell i <strong>Marta Ferrusola<\/strong> preparaven la creaci\u00f3 de <em>Converg\u00e8ncia Democr\u00e0tica de Catalunya <\/em>que el va portar a la Presid\u00e8ncia de la Generalitat de 1980 a 2003. La meva relaci\u00f3 amb aquest diari no va finalitzar fins el juny de 1974 perqu\u00e8, tot i que la sentencia me va ser favorable, no me van readmetre i van haver d\u2019indemnitzar-me. No vaig tornar a treballar a un diari, nom\u00e9s col\u00b7laboracions, i s\u00ed a la Facultat de Ci\u00e8ncies de la Informaci\u00f3 de la UAB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Llavors, la paraula <em>feminista<\/em> no s\u2019utilitzava gaire. O s\u2019utilitzava com un insult. Tenia conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies. Nom\u00e9s unes poques vam decidir dir: \u201c<em>S\u00ed, soc feminista\u201d. <\/em>Altres, nom\u00e9s despr\u00e9s de les Jornades Catalanes de la Dona.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El 3 de marc de 1974 va n\u00e9ixer la meva filla. Mai vaig dubtar de continuar treballant. Tan aviat com me vaig recuperar, vaig publicar al <em>Diario de Barcelona<\/em> un informe sobre <em>Los 400 dias del Rector Carreras Llansana, <\/em>un altre sobre <em>El Matrimonio Civil,<\/em> i un altre sobre <em>Los hijos del pecado. <\/em>I a partir del 13 de juliol vaig col\u00b7laborar al setmanari <em>Destino<\/em>, sobre la discriminaci\u00f3 de les dones i activitats que realitz\u00e0vem per construir el <em>Moviment de Dones<\/em> que ens va portar a les <em>I Jornadas por la Liberaci\u00f3n de la Mujer,<\/em> organitzades a Madrid el desembre de 1975, i a les <em>Jornades Catalanes de la Dona,<\/em> celebrades a Barcelona el maig de 1976. La col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 va acabar el 14 de maig de 1975. L\u2019exemplar anunciava a la portada: <em>\u201cLa suerte de ser mujer\u201d<\/em>. No coincidia amb los articles publicats a l\u2019interior. <em>\u201cEl dif\u00edcil camino de la liberaci\u00f3n de la mujer\u201d<\/em>, que havia escrit jo. <em>\u201cBetty Friedam y Esther Vilar\u201d<\/em>, signat per <strong>Elisa Lamas<\/strong>. I <em>\u201cQue ha conseguido la espa\u00f1ola en el A\u00f1o Internacional de la Mujer\u201d,<\/em> de <strong>Magda Oranich<\/strong>. I no coincidia gens la imatge dissenyada pels companys: un tros del cos d\u2019una noia en una platja amb la braga d\u2019un bikini i la part de dalt a la sorra. <strong>N\u00e8stor Luj\u00e1n<\/strong> va dimitir tip de les pressions que rebia cada setmana del representant de Jordi Pujol, que havia adquirit totes les accions. L\u2019equip i molts col\u00b7laboradors ens vam solidaritzar. Despr\u00e9s, a la revista <em>Mundo<\/em> i a Tele-Expres vaig parlar sobre les Jornades i el que va passar despr\u00e8s.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El maig de 1976 la meva filla havia fet dos anys. Jo, amb 29, aprenia a ser mare. Per comprendre lo que havia viscut, l\u2019any 1977 vaig organitzar tot el material que havia acumulat al llibre <em>Mujeres en lucha. El movimiento feminista en Espa\u00f1a.<\/em> Aspirava a obrir un debat sobre la relaci\u00f3 entre feminisme i pol\u00edtica. L\u2019any 1978 van presentar al bar La Sal <em>Nacida de mujer<\/em> d\u2019<strong>Adrienne Rich<\/strong>. Ens vam adonar que mai no hav\u00edem parlat de les nostres experi\u00e8ncies com a mares. Tan atrafegades. Avui, que ja som iaies, necessitem aprofundir per clarificar les arrels patriarcals de l\u2019actual societat global.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Per Amparo Moreno Sard\u00e0 L\u2019\u00faltim cap de setmana del maig de 1976 vam fer el que volien des de feia anys. Semblava impossible. La dictadura no havia acabat. Hav\u00edem preparat les Jornades Catalanes de la Dona en reunions clandestines. I [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":113,"featured_media":93405,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54935,26274],"tags":[54932,47869,55129,55130,55132,47219,52772,55131,43564,52997,47429,55133,47990],"class_list":["post-93234","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-especial-50-anys-jornades-catalanes-de-la-dona","category-opinio","tag-primeres-jornades-catalanes-de-la-dona-2","tag-adrienne-rich-2","tag-amparo-moreno-sarda","tag-ascension-sole","tag-elisa-lamas","tag-feminisme-6","tag-magda-oranich-2","tag-maria-angeles-duran","tag-maternitat-2","tag-mireia-bofill-2","tag-moviment-feminista-3","tag-nestor-lujan","tag-periodisme-2"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Filles, mares, iaies | La Independent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Per Amparo Moreno Sard\u00e0 L\u2019\u00faltim cap de setmana del maig de 1976 vam fer el que volien des de feia anys. 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Semblava impossible. 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