{"id":91824,"date":"2026-03-19T20:56:39","date_gmt":"2026-03-19T19:56:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/?p=91824"},"modified":"2026-03-20T19:38:35","modified_gmt":"2026-03-20T18:38:35","slug":"tres-documentals-feministes-imprescindibles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/en\/tres-documentals-feministes-imprescindibles\/","title":{"rendered":"Tres documentals feministes imprescindibles"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Escrit per Montse Fern\u00e1ndez Garrido<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi ha documentals que no s’han de deixar passar sense haver-los vist, recomanat, dif\u00f3s i guardat, perqu\u00e8 s\u00f3n part important de la nostra hist\u00f2ria recent. Els esmento per ordre de data d’aparici\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2003. Mujeres en pie de guerra<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Escrit i dirigit per Susana Koska<\/strong> (actriu, realitzadora de documentals i escriptora) i amb banda sonora de Loquillo<\/strong>, (amb can\u00e7ons de Jos\u00e9 Ma Sanz, Gabriel Sope\u00f1a, George Brassen<\/strong> i Luis Eduardo Aute<\/strong>).S\u00f3n 75 minuts, (DVD) en els quals, diu al dors, s’explica la hist\u00f2ria de les dones que van lluitar amb valentia i comprom\u00eds a les trinxeres i a les vagues, des de la pres\u00f3 i l’exili, des de la Guerra Civil fins a la mort del genocida Franco. Tracta com va afectar en l’\u00e0mbit personal la hist\u00f2ria col\u00b7lectiva. \u00c9s la necessitat de respondre preguntes que se’ns esborren del mapa, sepultades per un tumult social i pol\u00edtic que va ser la \u201ctransici\u00f3 pac\u00edfica\u201d. \u00c9s la necessitat de donar color a les fotos en blanc i negre, de retornar-li la poesia a la hist\u00f2ria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mujeres en pie de guerra<\/em> \u00e9s un collage<\/em> d’idees i opinions, consignes, fotos, records, can\u00e7ons, foses en la pr\u00f2pia vida, la hist\u00f2ria oficial comentada des de l’altre costat. \u00c9s una arma cultural, un deure de mem\u00f2ria i expressi\u00f3 art\u00edstica. Una veu nova i una veu m\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Al DVD s’entrevista diverses dones antifranquistes, unes m\u00e9s conegudes que altres, dones que van lluitar per la llibertat contra el feixisme, la hist\u00f2ria no oficial, la que no surt als llibres d’hist\u00f2ria: Sara Berenguer, Neus Catal\u00e1, Mar\u00eda Salvo, Teresa Bu\u00edgues, Carmen i Mer\u00e7ona Puig Antich, Rosa Lavi\u00f1a i Rosa D\u00edaz<\/strong> (aquesta \u00faltima tieta de la Susana, que va ser una nena evacuada a B\u00e8lgica). Revoluci\u00f3, guerra, exili, resist\u00e8ncia, deportaci\u00f3, pres\u00f3 i sindicalisme. Les seves experi\u00e8ncies, els seus sentiments, la seva VEU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cont\u00e9, a m\u00e9s, un CD amb 9 can\u00e7ons que ens traslladaran al passat proper, emocionant i revolucionari: A las barricadas<\/em> \/ Antes de la lluvia<\/em> \/ Viva Durruti<\/em> \/ Mujeres en pie de guerra<\/em> \/ La mala reputaci\u00f3n<\/em> \/ El a\u00f1o que mataron a Salvador<\/em> \/ El futuro denegado<\/em> \/ Armando al amor<\/em> \/ i De tripas coraz\u00f3n<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Es tracta d’un treball de investigaci\u00f3 al llarg d’anys i que, despr\u00e9s de 20 hores de gravaci\u00f3 en diverses ciutats i pa\u00efsos, es va realitzar aquest DVD, versi\u00f3 que es pot veure tamb\u00e9 en universitats, instituts, cases de cultura, ateneus, trobades de cinema feminista, de mem\u00f2ria hist\u00f2rica i en festivals de cinema. I aix\u00ed ha estat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L’any 2017 Koska va escriure un llibre amb el mateix t\u00edtol. I a les dones entrevistades al DVD, n’hi va afegir d’altres: Carmen Alcalde, Antonina Rodrigo, Cecilia G de Guitarte, Ana Mary Ruiz, Luz Miranda, Maixux Rekalde, la pr\u00f2pia Susana Koska i jo mateixa<\/strong> (explicant retalls de la hist\u00f2ria de la meva \u00e0via Leonor Mart\u00edn Pajares<\/strong> i de la meva mare, Mar\u00eda Garrido Mart\u00edn<\/strong>. Tamb\u00e9 del meu fam\u00f3s avi guerriller, Ollafr\u00eda<\/strong>, hist\u00f2ria que vaig desenvolupar despr\u00e9s en el meu llibre Tres generaciones rebeldes<\/em>). Al llibre de Koska hi ha 14 p\u00e0gines de fotos precioses. En total, 250 p\u00e0gines amb una llarga llista d’interessant bibliografia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Moltes ressenyes en els nostres mitjans de comunicaci\u00f3 titulaven els seus articles de forma molt elogiosa. Per exemple, Juan Losa<\/strong> al Diario P\u00fablico<\/em> titulava aix\u00ed el seu article: \u201cDones que ni Franco ni el feixisme van poder fer callar: Monuments a la dignitat i a la lluita\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2010. VINDICACI\u00d3N<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Escrit i dirigit tamb\u00e9 per Susana Koska<\/strong>, amb la can\u00e7\u00f3 \u201cYo no soy esa\u201d, de Mari Trini<\/strong> i diverses can\u00e7ons cantades per Loquillo<\/strong> i per Gabriel Sope\u00f1a<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

S\u00f3n 54 minuts. Vindicaci\u00f3n<\/em> \u00e9s un recorregut per la hist\u00f2ria de les dones de l’Estat espanyol en els \u00faltims anys del segle XX, de lluites feministes i resist\u00e8ncies patriarcals. Entrevistes a dones que demostren amb els seus relats que elles van tirar endavant transformacions importants, que la vida va tremolar perqu\u00e8 es van q\u00fcestionar els fonaments de les institucions. \u00c9s un documental que tracta sobre la possibilitat de transformar la mem\u00f2ria personal en relat hist\u00f2ric i mostra la necessitat de transmetre aquesta experi\u00e8ncia a les noves generacions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les entrevistades parlen de les lluites i els \u00e8xits dels temes pels quals van lluitar<\/sup>. Elles s\u00f3n: Carmen Alcalde, Antonina Rodrigo, Manuela de Madre, Carme Freixa, Mertxe Ag\u00fandez, Elena Arnedo, Mabel Ca\u00f1ada, Sonia Ruiz<\/strong> i jo mateixa<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

El documental es va presentar a Sant Sebasti\u00e0 primer i a Barcelona despr\u00e9s, amb un gran \u00e8xit de p\u00fablic. I va passejar per Festivals Internacionals de Cinema de Drets Humans i tamb\u00e9 per universitats llatinoamericanes on el van veure milers d’alumnes. I tamb\u00e9 en altres pa\u00efsos de llengua castellana.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A Barcelona es va inaugurar, al mateix temps, una exposici\u00f3 de boniques i revolucion\u00e0ries portades de la revista VINDICACI\u00d3N FEMINISTA, on les tres feministes que sort\u00edem al documental, i que hi hav\u00edem treballat i escrit, explic\u00e0vem al p\u00fablic que la visitava el contingut de cadascuna d’aquelles revistes<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2019. Cr\u00eda, reza y ama<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El franquisme les va tancar a casa. El feminisme les va alliberar. Dirigit per la periodista Ariadna Relea<\/strong>, amb gui\u00f3 d’ella mateixa i de Txell Esteve<\/strong>, de Minor\u00eda Absoluta<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Al dors del DVD hi diu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u201c\u00c9s un recorregut per l\u2019evoluci\u00f3 de la dona a Espanya al llarg del franquisme. Quatre d\u00e8cades narrades per set dones que, amb la seva feina i la seva hist\u00f2ria personal, dibuixen l\u2019evoluci\u00f3 i la lluita per aconseguir la igualtat formal que avui dia no s’ha assolit de manera completa. Des dels anys 50, amb el consultori d’Elena Francis<\/strong> (dirigit per un home) que, sota una aparen\u00e7a inn\u00f2cua, consolida el model patriarcal devastador, relegant-les a la soledat absoluta. <\/em>Als anys 60, l\u2019acc\u00e9s d\u2019algunes dones a la universitat i posteriorment al mercat laboral. Estudiants, mestresses de casa i dones organitzades als seus barris comencen la lluita social gaireb\u00e9 espont\u00e0nia, que t\u00e9 com a objectiu recuperar drets socials. Als anys 70, l\u2019Any Internacional de la Dona i la mort de Franco s\u00f3n el punt de partida per a l’apoderament de la dona, que a poc a poc, amb molts problemes, s’involucra en la lluita feminista. El divorci, l\u2019avortament i la viol\u00e8ncia masclista seran els pilars fonamentals d\u2019una lluita que encara \u00e9s necess\u00e0ria per aconseguir la igualtat total entre homes i dones\u201d.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Les entrevistades s\u00f3n: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Carmen Alcalde<\/strong>, de la Secci\u00f3n Femenina<\/em> a la lluita antifranquista, al feminisme i a la direcci\u00f3 de la revista Vindicaci\u00f3n Feminista<\/em>; Joana Gallego<\/strong>: militant feminista, professora de periodisme i escriptora; Ana Ma P\u00e9rez del Campo<\/strong>, militant socialista que va fundar l\u2019\u201cAsociaci\u00f3n de Mujeres separades y divorciadas\u201d; Cecilia Bartolom\u00e9<\/strong>, directora de cinema, que va filmar les primeres pel\u00b7l\u00edcules feministes durant el franquisme; Cristina Chica de la Llave<\/strong>, dirigent de la Secci\u00f3n Femenina<\/em>, que feia classes al Servicio Social<\/em>; Consuelo Garc\u00eda del Cid<\/strong>, supervivent del mal anomenat \u201cPatronato de Protecci\u00f3n a la mujer\u201d i despr\u00e9s investigadora i escriptora amb mitja dotzena de magn\u00edfics llibres publicats sobre el tema; Montse Fern\u00e1ndez Garrido <\/strong>(jo mateixa): nena de barraques, militant feminista des de 1976, advocada, mediadora, professora universit\u00e0ria de M\u00e0sters de Dret i dirigent feminista de diverses organitzacions nacionals i internacionals (Vaig aportar nombr\u00f3s material de la II Rep\u00fablica, carnets i documents del Servicio Social<\/em>, del Partit Feminista i fotografies personals, per ser tamb\u00e9 filla i n\u00e9ta de militants antifranquistes).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L’enc\u00e0rrec realitzat per una televisi\u00f3 a Minor\u00eda Absoluta<\/em> (dirigida pel periodista i historiador Toni Sol\u00e9<\/strong>) va consistir en tres documentals que abordaven: el noticiari franquista (NO-DO<\/strong>, obligatori a tots els cinemes), el feminista (Cr\u00eda, reza y ama<\/em>) i l’\u00faltim sobre l’educaci\u00f3 a l’escola franquista. Va comptar amb la magn\u00edfica feina de la documentalista Lisa Berger<\/strong>, anarquista i feminista, que va aconseguir imatges i documents impagables de cada \u00e8poca.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A l’Estat espanyol, Cr\u00eda, reza y ama<\/em> es va emetre per televisi\u00f3 el desembre de 2019 amb gran \u00e8xit de cr\u00edtica i p\u00fablic. Se’n van fer dos DVD: la versi\u00f3 anglesa (amb subt\u00edtols) i l’espanyola. I no crec equivocar-me quan afirmo, sense cap dubte, que el millor dels tres va ser el nostre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

*Montse Fern\u00e1ndez Garrido<\/strong> \u00e9s advocada defensora de dones. Militant Feminista (1976-2026). Memorialista. Autora de la biografia familiar: Tres generaciones rebeldes<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Escrit per Montse Fern\u00e1ndez Garrido Hi ha documentals que no s’han de deixar passar sense haver-los vist, recomanat, dif\u00f3s i guardat, perqu\u00e8 s\u00f3n part important de la nostra hist\u00f2ria recent. Els esmento per ordre de data d’aparici\u00f3: 2003. Mujeres en […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":91825,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26702,26506],"tags":[54306,49476,54302,54299,51950,54305,54301,54288,54300,47219,47809,54304,54298,54294,47635,49475,54290,50376,54296,54295,54289,54292,54303,54297],"class_list":["post-91824","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-audiovisuals-cultura","category-cinema","tag-ana-ma-perez-del-campo","tag-antonina-rodrigo-2","tag-ariadna-relea","tag-carme-freixa","tag-carmen-alcalde-2","tag-cecilia-bartolome","tag-cria-reza-y-ama","tag-documentals","tag-elena-arnedo","tag-feminisme-6","tag-franquisme-3","tag-joana-gallego","tag-manuela-de-madre","tag-maria-salvo","tag-memoria-3","tag-montse-fernandez-garrido-6","tag-mujeres-en-pie-de-guerra","tag-neus-catala-3","tag-rosa-diaz","tag-rosa-lavina","tag-susana-koska","tag-teresa-buigues","tag-txell-esteve","tag-vindicacion"],"yoast_head":"\nTres 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