{"id":81431,"date":"2024-05-09T21:15:16","date_gmt":"2024-05-09T19:15:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/?p=81431"},"modified":"2024-05-09T22:23:06","modified_gmt":"2024-05-09T20:23:06","slug":"el-paper-de-la-literatura-de-ficcio-en-el-combat-contra-la-discriminacio-i-la-violencia-masclista","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/en\/el-paper-de-la-literatura-de-ficcio-en-el-combat-contra-la-discriminacio-i-la-violencia-masclista\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00a0El paper de la literatura de ficci\u00f3 en el combat \u00a0contra la discriminaci\u00f3 i la viol\u00e8ncia masclista"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Qu\u00e8 pot aportar la literatura de ficci\u00f3 en el combat contra de la viol\u00e8ncia masclista? Qu\u00e8 pot aportar per conquerir, &nbsp;pas a pas, &nbsp;la igualtat i la no discriminaci\u00f3 que avui dia encara persisteix?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Molta gent pensa que els motors de l\u2019entreteniment es redueixen al suspens (a crear suspens, sorpresa, intriga). Per aquestes persones la novel\u00b7la \u00e9s conceptuada exclusivament com una eina de distracci\u00f3; pensen que la ficci\u00f3 i la realitat que vivim cada dia s\u00f3n com l\u2019aigua i l\u2019oli: no poden barrejar-se ni influir-se m\u00fatuament. Doncs aix\u00f2 no \u00e9s ben b\u00e9 aix\u00ed: la realitat \u00abreal\u00bb i la realitat \u00abficcional\u00bb s\u00ed que es barregen, s\u00ed que s\u2019influeixen m\u00fatuament, &nbsp;com ens demostren la psicologia cognitiva i les neuroci\u00e8ncies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La capacitat narrativa \u00e9s intr\u00ednseca a l\u2019\u00e9sser hum\u00e0 i tots la practiquem. No pensem ni parlem en forma de \u00abbits\u00bb sin\u00f3 que utilitzem un \u00abpensament narratiu\u00bb, el nostre propi \u00abpensament discursiu\u00bb. Des que ens llevem fins que anem a dormir, fins i tot mentre dormim, en els somnis, &nbsp;el cervell fa funcionar aquest pensament. Gr\u00e0cies a ell constru\u00efm la nostra identitat personal; \u00e9s a dir, ens constru\u00efm a nosaltres mateixos, qui som (o qui ens pensem que som) &nbsp;i entenem i &nbsp;interactuem amb el m\u00f3n social i cultural. Un m\u00f3n que, a cada \u00e8poca de la historia, s\u2019erigeix damunt d\u2019una pilona de valors i creences que li s\u00f3n propis. Uns valors i creences que es van modificant, modelant i canviant paral\u00b7lelament als descobriments cient\u00edfics, a les invencions &nbsp;tecnol\u00f2giques, als canvis socials i pol\u00edtics, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aquest pensament narratiu o discursiu &nbsp;s\u2019elabora i es perfecciona al llarg de la nostra vida amb l\u2019oralitat, la lectura de contes en la infantesa, la lectura de novel\u00b7les juvenils i per adults, amb el cinema, el teatre, etc. I quan m\u00e9s pastat i madurat, m\u00e9s creatius i m\u00e9s capacitat cr\u00edtica desenvoluparem,&nbsp; m\u00e9s lliures serem, m\u00e9s humanament aut\u00e8ntics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quan llegim un text de ficci\u00f3, en el nostre cap es produeix un canvi: abandonem la nostra realitat real per submergir-nos a una altra realitat. Certament, en aqu\u00ed rau la per\u00edcia de l\u2019escriptor: en saber produir la tensi\u00f3 narrativa necess\u00e0ria per tal que aix\u00f2 passi. I quan aix\u00f2 passa,&nbsp; el pensament narratiu del lector comen\u00e7a a interactuar amb la realitat fict\u00edcia i es retroalimenta amb la realitat real.&nbsp; Fixeu-vos que quan llegim o veiem una pel\u00b7l\u00edcula elaborem anticipacions, fem retrospeccions, fem comparacions amb la nostra vida real, etc. Establim un di\u00e0leg entre la nostra vida real i les hist\u00f2ries que viuen els personatges de ficci\u00f3.&nbsp; \u00c9s a dir, apareixen pensaments, sentiments i&nbsp; tot un ventall d\u2019emocions diferents. S\u2019estableix un proc\u00e9s viu i din\u00e0mic&nbsp; entre el nostre propi m\u00f3n i el m\u00f3n representat en la narraci\u00f3. Les nostres neurones mirall s\u2019han activat.&nbsp; \u00c9s a dir,&nbsp; s\u2019han mobilitzat els processos d\u2019imitaci\u00f3 i empatia, aix\u00f2 \u00e9s, la capacitat de posar-nos en el lloc de l\u2019altre: \u00e9s quan sentim el mateix que els protagonistes (fred, gana, r\u00e0bia, amor, tendresa). Els personatges ens commouen o ens produeixen rebuig, antipatia.&nbsp; Estem completament imbu\u00efts en la hist\u00f2ria i perdem el contacte amb el que ens rodeja, fins i tot la noci\u00f3 del temps<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e9s d\u2019un i d\u2019una de nosaltres hem llegit alguna novel\u00b7la que ha marcat la nostra vida. Tots hem vist pel\u00b7l\u00edcules que al cap d\u2019un temps recordem encara amb precisi\u00f3 per l\u2019impacte que ens ha produ\u00eft. I aix\u00f2 passa perqu\u00e8 en el nostre pensament, en llegir el llibre o en veure la pel\u00b7l\u00edcula, hem establert un proc\u00e9s viu i din\u00e0mic&nbsp; entre el nostre propi m\u00f3n \u00abreal\u00bb i el m\u00f3n \u00abficcional\u00bb representat en la narraci\u00f3 del llibre o de la pel\u00b7l\u00edcula. El que vull dir \u00e9s que tota ficci\u00f3 de qualitat destil\u00b7la valors i idees que ens interpel\u00b7len, models de comportament que podem voler imitar o rebutjar.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" src=\"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/unnamed-1000x750.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-81433\" style=\"width:840px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/unnamed-1000x750.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/unnamed-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/unnamed-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/unnamed-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/unnamed-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/unnamed-scaled.jpg 1333w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La funci\u00f3 de la literatura \u00e9s intentar fixar all\u00f2 que els succeeix a tots els homes, a totes les dones, a totes les criatures humanes, en qualsevol lloc i moment. &nbsp;\u00c9s&nbsp; a dir a la literatura li interessen assumptes universals. &nbsp;Arreu del m\u00f3n l\u2019amistat \u00e9s una lla\u00e7ada amorosa de reconeixement i acceptaci\u00f3 de l\u2019altre; arreu del m\u00f3n l\u2019agressivitat \u00e9s una manifestaci\u00f3 de la feblesa d\u2019esperit, de l\u2019odi, de la gelosia, de la vanitat, de la perversi\u00f3 del poder i el desig de dominar els altres; arreu del m\u00f3n hi ha guerres, malaltia, morts incomprensibles, assassinats, que esquincen l\u2019\u00e0nima. Arreu del m\u00f3n hi ha traumes que tenallen les persones i que com un sunami s\u2019ho enduen tot per davant i en condicionen la vida de per vida. I, com he dit abans, tots aquests temes universals s\u00f3n per definici\u00f3 q\u00fcestions intr\u00ednseques de la literatura de ficci\u00f3.&nbsp; Vivim moments molt turbulents, profundes crisis socials i econ\u00f2miques. I, &nbsp;en concret, la xacra de la viol\u00e8ncia masclista tenalla amb duresa. \u00c9s una de les violacions m\u00e9s generalitzades dels drets humans en el m\u00f3n. En el que portem d\u2019any (fins el mes d\u2019abril) han estat assassinades 10 dones a Espanya. I set criatures han estat assassinades per viol\u00e8ncia vic\u00e0ria. El&nbsp; grau d\u2019involuci\u00f3 a molts pa\u00efsos \u00e9s esfere\u00efdor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De manera que considero que no hem d\u2019oblidar la literatura de comprom\u00eds; hem d\u2019intervenir i opinar amb posicions el m\u00e9s lliures possibles i estar atents al cinisme amb el qual es veu el comprom\u00eds. \u00c9s a dir, una escriptura que no es limiti a ser merament entreteniment &nbsp;sin\u00f3 que s\u2019interrogui sobre l\u2019home, la moral, la pol\u00edtica, la historia. Una literatura que aspiri a canviar el m\u00f3n, com a m\u00ednim el m\u00f3n del lector. Ni que sigui d\u2019un sol lector. Crec que l\u2019est\u00e8tica,&nbsp; que l\u2019art de la creaci\u00f3 liter\u00e0ria en maj\u00fascules, &nbsp;pot i ha d\u2019implicar-se per mitj\u00e0 de les histories que conta en els avatars de la humanitat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Perqu\u00e8 el que \u00e9s evident i demostrat \u00e9s que modelem el nostre comportament m\u00e9s com a imitaci\u00f3 de persones de refer\u00e8ncia, amb els seus comportaments i les normes impl\u00edcites que transmeten, que en funci\u00f3 dels mandats d\u2019una autoritat. All\u00f2 essencial dels aprenentatges socials i morals (incloent els que es donen en l\u2019escola)&nbsp; remet a l\u2019assimilaci\u00f3 mim\u00e8tica i no a l\u2019aprenentatge expl\u00edcit de normes i regles. I el desenvolupament de l\u2019esperit cr\u00edtic \u00e9s b\u00e0sic. Formular preguntes cr\u00edtiques oralment i per mitj\u00e0 de la literatura, arribar a la incomoditat \u00e9s fonamental. Fer preguntes insuportables. Perqu\u00e8 se\u2019ns escolti,&nbsp; la nostra veu ha de tenir eco; ressonar. I jo proposo i defenso que una eina potent\u00edssima \u00e9s la literatura; una literatura &nbsp;que exhibeixi postures morals que cre\u00efn moral. Cal fomentar-la en les escoles, en els \u00e0mbits familiars, en les associacions i ateneus. En les biblioteques i clubs de lectura.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Qu\u00e8 pot aportar la literatura de ficci\u00f3 en el combat contra de la viol\u00e8ncia masclista? Qu\u00e8 pot aportar per conquerir, \u00a0pas a pas, \u00a0la igualtat i la no discriminaci\u00f3 que avui dia encara persisteix?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":47,"featured_media":73170,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26640],"tags":[50356,50358,50357,26192],"class_list":["post-81431","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinio-cultura","tag-literatura-de-ficcio","tag-neurociencia-2","tag-psicologia-cognitiva","tag-violencia-masclista-2"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u00a0El paper de la literatura de ficci\u00f3 en el combat \u00a0contra la discriminaci\u00f3 i la viol\u00e8ncia masclista | La Independent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Qu\u00e8 pot aportar la literatura de ficci\u00f3 en el combat contra de la viol\u00e8ncia masclista? 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