{"id":69741,"date":"2022-03-10T10:56:49","date_gmt":"2022-03-10T09:56:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/el-pa-i-les-roses\/"},"modified":"2023-03-19T18:29:04","modified_gmt":"2023-03-19T17:29:04","slug":"el-pa-i-les-roses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/en\/el-pa-i-les-roses\/","title":{"rendered":"El pa i les roses"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

S\u00e8rie Renda B\u00e0sica Universal <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Per Laure Vega, membre del Consell Assessor per implementar la Renda B\u00e0sica Universal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Aquest article t\u00e9 per objectiu abordar una de les potencialitats que considero m\u00e9s interessants de la Renda B\u00e0sica Universal, el seu impacte en la l\u00f2gica del xantatge renda-treball i les possibilitats associades a la debilitaci\u00f3 d’aquest.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

“Les nostres vides no seran explotades des del naixement fins la fi d’aquesta; els cors moren de gana igual que els cossos. Doneu-nos pa, per\u00f2 doneu-nos tamb\u00e9 roses. Mentre marxem i marxem, incomptables dones mortes criden a trav\u00e9s del nostre cant el seu antic clamor pel pa. Poc art, amor i bellesa van con\u00e8ixer els seus esperits sacrificats. S\u00ed, estem lluitant pel pa, per\u00f2 tamb\u00e9 lluitem per les roses!”. Bread and Roses, Himne de la vaga de Massachussets protagonitzada per dones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aquest article t\u00e9 per objectiu abordar una de les potencialitats que considero m\u00e9s interessants de la Renda B\u00e0sica Universal, el seu impacte en la l\u00f2gica del xantatge renda-treball i les possibilitats associades a la debilitaci\u00f3 d’aquest. \u00c9s, per tant, un article necess\u00e0riament parcial que per sort, gr\u00e0cies a la feina de mitjans com aquest, queda subsanat, ja que s’est\u00e0 escrivint a bastament des de tants prismes com possibilitats t\u00e9 la mesura.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quan Howard Fast<\/strong> narrava la hist\u00f2ria d’Esp\u00e0rtac, deia que “quan un home arrossega una cadena, pensa molt poc, en molt poques coses, i la major part del temps el millor \u00e9s no pensar en cap altra cosa que en quan es tornar\u00e0 a menjar, beure novament, dormir de nou” i afegia “Als homes se’ls transforma en b\u00e8sties i aix\u00ed no pensen en els \u00e0ngels”. Els m\u00e9s de dos milers d’anys que ens separen de la hist\u00f2ria narrada per Howard Fast no invaliden la reflexi\u00f3 que plasma sobre en qu\u00e8 pensem quan arrosseguem una cadena, i, tanmateix, \u00e9s en aquesta mateixa hist\u00f2ria de fraternitat, on es planteja un b\u00e9 superior transcendent a la mateixa vida, la lluita per la Llibertat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Com omplir\u00e9 la nevera? Si puja el lloguer del pis, on viur\u00e9? Qu\u00e8 far\u00e9 quan arribi el rebut de la llum? i aix\u00ed un seguit de pors i preg\u00e0ries dirigides al buit. Des que no s’espatlli la rentadora, a la por que encarna el que visibilitzem com l’\u00fanica opci\u00f3 per poder seguir fent front a cadascun d’aquests pensaments, que no deixen espai per “pensar en els \u00e0ngels”: no perdre la feina o, directament, trobar feina. I aquesta \u00e9s la nostra cadena.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dins del capitalisme com a sistema de relacions socials les necessitats nom\u00e9s poden ser satisfetes a trav\u00e9s del treball assalariat. \u00c9s a dir, la gran majoria de la poblaci\u00f3 \u2013tota aquella que no t\u00e9 l’exist\u00e8ncia garantida de manera aut\u00f2noma a trav\u00e9s de la propietat\u2013 troba vinculada la necessitat de treballar assalariadament a la possibilitat de viure. Sense el que J\u00falia Bertomeu<\/strong> i Antoni Dom\u00e8nech<\/strong> definien com una “base aut\u00f2noma d’exist\u00e8ncia” l’\u00fanica forma de viure \u00e9s vendre la nostra for\u00e7a de treball, convertint-nos for\u00e7osament en treballadores assalariades, depenent, per tant, de la voluntat de l’ocupador per viure. Aix\u00ed, en aquest mercat de treball al qual no acudim lliurement sin\u00f3 sota la necessitat derivada d’un proc\u00e9s de despossessi\u00f3, ens trobem la majoria de la poblaci\u00f3 les qui depenem d’un salari per viure. Abocats a condicions de compet\u00e8ncia a la baixa entre nosaltres exercides a trav\u00e9s de la pressi\u00f3 del fam\u00f3s ex\u00e8rcit de reserva, aquella porci\u00f3 variable, per\u00f2 estructural que no hi accedir\u00e0 al treball. En el millor dels casos obtindrem un salari que paga el valor de la nostra for\u00e7a de treball i que es determina en funci\u00f3 de la correlaci\u00f3 de forces del moment Aquest salari no ens permet en cap cas sortir d’una roda en la qual la mateixa possibilitat de viure dep\u00e8n de la voluntat d’alg\u00fa ali\u00e8, que en aquest proc\u00e9s acumula m\u00e9s riquesa social i consolida les seves posicions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D’aquesta manera, el primer de tots els drets humans inalienables, aquell que \u00e9s subst\u00e0ncia de la democr\u00e0cia i que genera la base per a la concepci\u00f3 de just\u00edcia, el dret a l’exist\u00e8ncia, no est\u00e0 garantit. L’exist\u00e8ncia passa indefectiblement pel mercat de treball \u2013o per ajudes derivades de determinada relaci\u00f3 amb el mercat de treball\u2013 i per tant, per la decisi\u00f3 d’alg\u00fa altre pel mer fet de ser propietari. Sense el dret a l’exist\u00e8ncia la llibertat, entesa com l’abs\u00e8ncia de possibilitat de dominaci\u00f3, \u00e9s una ficci\u00f3 jur\u00eddica i carn de campanyes pol\u00edtiques \u00e8ticament dubtoses. I \u00e9s aqu\u00ed on, seguint una rica her\u00e8ncia de lluites i treball te\u00f2ric plantegem, com tantes d’altres, la Renda B\u00e0sica Universal. Una renda suficient, incondicional, sufragada a trav\u00e9s d’un impost al capital econ\u00f2mic i que tingui com a \u00fanic requisit l’empadronament. \u00c9s a dir, una prestaci\u00f3 universal, que sigui un dret als drets per aquelles persones que la Llei d’Estrangeria nega la regularitzaci\u00f3, que no estigui vinculada a cap forma de relaci\u00f3 sexoafectiva o de conviv\u00e8ncia, que sigui suficient per a superar llindar de pobresa, que realitzi una redistristribuci\u00f3 ex ante de la riquesa i que, per tant, trenqui amb la idea que “guanyar-nos la vida” exigeixi treballar assalariadament. Una renda que recupera el plantejament de Thomas Paine<\/strong> a Agrarian Justice el 1796, on defensa un impost directe a la propietat privada de la terra que es tradu\u00eds en una pensi\u00f3 vital\u00edcia com a recompensa de la p\u00e8rdua de la poblaci\u00f3 del seu llegat natural. Una RBU, com una forma de just\u00edcia commutativa que combati el proc\u00e9s de despossessi\u00f3 que ve de lluny i, que sense fre, va per llarg. Un dret que recupera un aprenentatge que ja sab\u00edem: la Llibertat requereix condicions materials per existir. Tant ho sab\u00edem que la Carta Magna (1215), que garantia drets civils i pol\u00edtics, era germana de la Carta del Bosc (1217), que garantia l’acc\u00e9s als b\u00e9ns comunals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plantegem aquesta mesura monet\u00e0ria no com la soluci\u00f3 a tots els mals. Si no com la possibilitat d’una mesura necess\u00e0riament universal i que, per tant, pren forma de Dret en un moment en qu\u00e8 aquests \u2013malferits per la desconnexi\u00f3 del seu enunciament de les condicions materials pel seu exercici\u2013 es troben en franca reculada. Com una part de la resposta a la denominada “quarta onada” de salut mental que prengui en consideraci\u00f3 el que exposava Amartya Sen, la variable m\u00e9s determinant en la salut \u00e9s la renda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I no voldr\u00edem deixar de plantejar la RBU tamb\u00e9 com una possibilitat a trav\u00e9s d’un dret a conquerir que, en un moment de dificultat en l’articulaci\u00f3 de lluites comunes propici\u00ef un proc\u00e9s de lluita pel desenvolupament hum\u00e0 que desbordi la mesura i inclogui la reducci\u00f3 de la jornada de treball, uns serveis p\u00fablics forts i amplis o una economia planificada al servei de la vida. Un proc\u00e9s, per tant, que posi sobre la taula que de nou que el lliure desenvolupament de cadasc\u00fa com la condici\u00f3 pel lliure desenvolupament de tots a trav\u00e9s d’una organitzaci\u00f3 plural contra un capitalisme que precisament impedeix a totes les persones desposse\u00efdes dels mitjans de producci\u00f3, independentment del crisol d’identitats en el que s’emmirallin, el control de les seves vides i la persecuci\u00f3 de qualsevol inter\u00e8s que tinguin. Com una possibilitat de conquerir temps lliure sense el perm\u00eds de ning\u00fa, ni pare, ni marit, ni patr\u00f3, mentre esquerdem una cadena que no ser\u00e0 eterna. Temps lliure que ens permeti un tast de bona vida, l’acc\u00e9s a la bellesa i a la formaci\u00f3 de la sensibilitat, com a pas necessari pel veritable enteniment, com, i ara s\u00ed, demanar el pa i tamb\u00e9 les roses.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S\u00e8rie Renda B\u00e0sica Universal  Per Laure Vega, membre del Consell Assessor per implementar la Renda B\u00e0sica Universal Aquest article t\u00e9 per objectiu abordar una de les potencialitats que considero m\u00e9s interessants de la Renda B\u00e0sica Universal, el seu impacte en la […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":38230,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26411],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-69741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economia"],"yoast_head":"\nEl pa i les roses | La Independent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"S\u00e8rie Renda B\u00e0sica Universal Aquest article t\u00e9 per objectiu abordar una de les potencialitats que considero m\u00e9s interessants de la Renda B\u00e0sica Universal, el seu impacte en la l\u00f2gica del xantatge renda-treball i les possibilitats 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