{"id":67773,"date":"2020-02-13T16:58:13","date_gmt":"2020-02-13T15:58:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/genere-i-sexisme-lingueistic\/"},"modified":"2023-11-01T20:53:11","modified_gmt":"2023-11-01T19:53:11","slug":"genere-i-sexisme-lingueistic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/en\/genere-i-sexisme-lingueistic\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u00e8nere i sexisme ling\u00fc\u00edstic"},"content":{"rendered":"

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RESSENYA<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

En aquesta adre\u00e7a web<\/a>\u00a0 trobareu l’article de Ute Gabriel and Pascal Gygax (2016) que he tradu\u00eft de l’angl\u00e8s al catal\u00e0 (Gabriel, Ute and Gygax, Pascal ( 2016): Gender and Linguistic sexism. In Howard Giles & Anne Maass (Eds),\u00a0<\/span>Advances in Intergroup Communication<\/em>. New York, NY: Peter Lang Publishing)<\/span>.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Crec que val la pena llegir-lo (com altres que anir\u00e9 penjant sobre aquest tema) perqu\u00e8 proporciona molts coneixements i, per tant, a m\u00e9s de fer-nos m\u00e9s savis i s\u00e0vies (!) en temes relatius a la comunicaci\u00f3 entre els g\u00e8neres femen\u00ed i mascul\u00ed ens dota d’arguments per contrarestar les explicacions de les persones que pontifiquen que, per exemple, el g\u00e8nere gramatical no marcat de les lleng\u00fces indo-europees (com el catal\u00e0 i el castell\u00e0) no es refereix al g\u00e8nere (sexe) mascul\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qui ho desitgi pot saltar-se el “Resum” i la “Teoria de l’auto-categoritzaci\u00f3” (\u00e9s una teoria de psicologia social) i anar directament al tercer punt : “La gramaticalitzaci\u00f3 del g\u00e8nere”. \u00c9s un suggeriment dirigit sobretot als que no sou psic\u00f2legs socials. Tamb\u00e9 podeu obviar les “Conclusions” i centrar-vos, per tant, en els punts centrals de l’article.<\/span><\/p>\n

L’article tracta, a grans trets, del seg\u00fcent:<\/span><\/p>\n

El llenguatge \u00e9s un dels mitjans m\u00e9s potents a trav\u00e9s del qual es perpetren i reprodueixen el sexisme i la discriminaci\u00f3 de g\u00e8nere. El contingut dels estereotips de g\u00e8nere, que dicten que les dones han de mostrar trets comunals\/c\u00e0lids i els homes han de mostrar trets ag\u00e8ntics\/competents, es veu reflectit en les opcions l\u00e8xiques de la comunicaci\u00f3 quotidiana.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c9s a dir, segons la teoria de rols de g\u00e8nere, les difer\u00e8ncies de g\u00e8nere sorgeixen de la divisi\u00f3 de la feina i de l’estructura jer\u00e0rquica en una societat en la qual dones i homes han desenvolupat hist\u00f2ricament rols diferents. Els homes han tendit m\u00e9s a participar en tasques que requereixen velocitat, for\u00e7a i la possibilitat de viatjar lluny de casa durant llargs per\u00edodes de temps, mentre que les dones han sigut m\u00e9s propenses a quedar-se a casa i participar en tasques dom\u00e8stiques, com ara la crian\u00e7a dels fills i filles. En conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncia, els homes s\u00f3n percebuts com assertius (ag\u00e8ntics), \u00e9s a dir, forts, independents i decisius, i aix\u00ed s’espera que siguin, mentre que les dones es perceben com emp\u00e0tiques (comunals), \u00e9s a dir, amables, \u00fatils i simp\u00e0tiques, i aix\u00ed s’espera que siguin. Com a resultat, es compta amb que les dones han d’adoptar un paper de g\u00e8nere femen\u00ed que reflecteixi les qualitats emp\u00e0tiques per\u00f2 no les assertives.<\/span><\/p>\n

El llenguatge reprodueix subtilment aquestes desigualtats, aquestes asimetries socials d’estatus i poder favorables als homes, que estan lligades als corresponents rols socials. A m\u00e9s, la regla o la norma oculta, tot i que consensual, segons la qual l’\u00e9sser hum\u00e0 protot\u00edpic \u00e9s mascul\u00ed, est\u00e0 arrelada en l’estructura de moltes lleng\u00fces. Les regles gramaticals i sint\u00e0ctiques es construeixen de tal manera que els termes femenins generalment es deriven de la forma masculina corresponent. De la mateixa manera, els substantius i pronoms masculins s’utilitzen sovint amb una funci\u00f3 gen\u00e8rica per referir-se tant a homes com a dones. <\/span><\/p>\n

Aquestes formes ling\u00fc\u00edstiques provoquen l’efecte negatiu de fer desapar\u00e8ixer a les dones en les representacions mentals. Malgrat que l’\u00fas d’expressions ling\u00fc\u00edstiques justes pel que fa al g\u00e8nere pot prevenir efica\u00e7ment aquestes conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies negatives i fomentar la igualtat de g\u00e8nere, hi ha formes encara molt impl\u00edcites en el llenguatge que s\u00f3n dif\u00edcils de suprimir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Per reduir el biaix de g\u00e8nere, cal canviar els h\u00e0bits ling\u00fc\u00edstics de les persones fent-les conscients dels efectes beneficiosos de les expressions equitatives de g\u00e8nere.<\/span><\/p>\n

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*Maria \u00c0ngels Viladot i Presas.\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Dra. Psicologia Social i Ci\u00e8ncies de l’Educaci\u00f3.\u00a0<\/span>Escriptora.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 \u00a0 RESSENYA En aquesta adre\u00e7a web\u00a0 trobareu l’article de Ute Gabriel and Pascal Gygax (2016) que he tradu\u00eft de l’angl\u00e8s al catal\u00e0 (Gabriel, Ute and Gygax, Pascal ( 2016): Gender and Linguistic sexism. In Howard Giles & Anne Maass […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":47,"featured_media":62587,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26577],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-67773","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-llibres"],"yoast_head":"\nG\u00e8nere i sexisme ling\u00fc\u00edstic | La Independent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"RESSENYA En aquesta adre\u00e7a web trobareu l'article de Ute Gabriel and Pascal Gygax (2016) que he tradu\u00eft de l'angl\u00e8s al catal\u00e0 [Gabriel, Ute and Gygax, Pascal (2016): Gender and Linguistic Sexism. 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