{"id":61249,"date":"2015-02-05T12:58:32","date_gmt":"2015-02-05T11:58:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/mes-amunt-del-sostre-de-vidre-el-desafiament-duna-dona-astronauta\/"},"modified":"2015-02-05T12:58:32","modified_gmt":"2015-02-05T11:58:32","slug":"mes-amunt-del-sostre-de-vidre-el-desafiament-duna-dona-astronauta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/en\/mes-amunt-del-sostre-de-vidre-el-desafiament-duna-dona-astronauta\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e9s amunt del sostre de vidre, el desafiament d&#8217;una dona astronauta"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\">Hi havia una vegada un m\u00f3n on les nenes somiaven ser de grans, princeses o cantants; els nens, futbolistes o astronautes. Ja s&#8217;ha trencat el tab\u00fa: Samantha Cristoforetti, 37 anys, \u00e9s la tercera dona astronauta europea, i la primera a It\u00e0lia.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\">Hi ha una llarga llista d&#8217;astronautes nord-americanes que han seguit durant 20 anys\u00a0<span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms',geneva; font-size: 10pt;\"> a la m\u00edtica russa <strong>Valentina Tereskova,<\/strong><\/span> primera dona astronauta de la humanitat, que va volar tres dies al voltant de la terra el 1963.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\">No ha estat f\u00e0cil, \u00f2bviament, arribar a ser-ho. S&#8217;han hagut de trencar diversos sostres de vidre, el primer d&#8217;ells els dubtes interiors: &#8220;Ser\u00e9 capa\u00e7 de fer-ho? Escollir el cam\u00ed m\u00e9s dif\u00edcil \u00e9s la resposta&#8221;, afirma <span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms',geneva; font-size: 10pt;\"><strong>Samantha<\/strong><\/span> <strong>Cristoforetti<\/strong>, i \u00e9s la base per forjar el car\u00e0cter i con\u00e8ixer la for\u00e7a que (home o dona) tenim dins.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-30496\" style=\"margin: 9px auto; vertical-align: middle; display: block;\" src=\"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/astronauta_1.JPG\" alt=\"astronauta 1\" width=\"350\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/astronauta_1.JPG 692w, https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/astronauta_1-300x192.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\">Entre 8.500 candidatures<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\">Per arribar a abordar la nau espacial internacional com copilota, <strong>Cristoforetti<\/strong> ha estat seleccionada el 2009 entre 8500 candidatures. Ha tingut un entrenament de cinc anys i, anteriorment, ha estudiat enginyeria a Munic i Moscou, ci\u00e8ncies aeroespacials a Tolosa i ha aconseguit el t\u00edtol de pilota d&#8217;avions militars a It\u00e0lia (on la anomenen la &#8220;pit-roig de combat&#8221;).<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\">La missi\u00f3 de cinc mesos de durada en la qual participa Cristoforetti \u00e9s la n.42 de l&#8217;Estaci\u00f3 Espacial Internacional (ISS en les seves sigles en angl\u00e8s), que vola ininterrompudament des del 2000 amb la participaci\u00f3 de les ag\u00e8ncies espacials dels Estats Units, Jap\u00f3, R\u00fassia, i 11 pa\u00efsos de la Uni\u00f3 Europea (ESA).<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\">Cristoforetti i els seus dos col\u00b7legues (<strong>Tierry Virts<\/strong> de la NASA i <strong>Anton Shkaplerov<\/strong> de la Roscosmos) van partir a bord de la Soyuz de la base de Baikonur, al Kazakhstan (la mateixa de d&#8217;on va partir el primer astronauta <strong>Yuri Gagarin<\/strong>), per arribar despr\u00e9s de 6 hores d&#8217;ascensi\u00f3 a l&#8217;estratosfera i abordar l&#8217;estaci\u00f3 espacial. La astronau viatja sense descans a la velocitat de 28.000 km per hora, a 400 km d&#8217;altitud o sigui 30 vegades m\u00e9s alt que un avi\u00f3 normal. T\u00e9 800 metres c\u00fabics de volum, una longitud de 100 metres i \u00e9s visible sense telescopi des de la terra.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\">Molt per fer<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\">L&#8217;astronauta explica que \u00e9s bell\u00edssim surar en la microgravetat de l&#8217;astronau, per\u00f2 hi ha molta feina per fer, experimentant amb mosquits de la fruita i cucs (sic), amb el seu propi cos (per verificar l&#8217;adaptaci\u00f3 de l&#8217;organisme hum\u00e0 a condicions diferents de gravetat ), amb els instruments i mecanismes de bord.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\">Les investigacions m\u00e9s importants tenen a veure amb la biotecnologia, la qu\u00edmica, la medicina, la f\u00edsica, la meteorologia, la ci\u00e8ncia dels materials. S\u00f3n previstes 3 caminades espacials, de per si complexes i perilloses, a m\u00e9s de rebre dues missions russes de subministraments i vols comercials nord-americans.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\">An\u00e8cdotes<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\">Com a an\u00e8cdota. Qu\u00e8 s&#8217;ha dut Cristoforetti, com objectes personals, per resistir cinc mesos a l&#8217;estratosfera? Per descomptat, una bona cafetera Lavazza per tenir el seu expr\u00e9s diari i uns llibres d&#8217;<strong>Italo Calvino, Gianni Rodari <\/strong>i<strong> Antoine Saint Exupery<\/strong> per nodrir la ment, mentre el seu col\u00b7lega rus no ha pogut renunciar a algunes llaunes de caviar.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\">El fet \u00e9s que la seva actitud senzilla, directa, ir\u00f2nica i alhora humil, segons comenten aquelles i aquells que la coneixen, va conquerir la simpatia de molta gent, sobretot joves.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\">En el seu diari de bord, comen\u00e7at 500 dies abans de l&#8217;embarcament en la missi\u00f3 n.42 de l&#8217;ESA, &#8220;Avamposto 42. Guia gal\u00e0ctica per terrestres en missi\u00f3 espacial&#8221;, es dedica a respondre a les mil curiositats dels seus lectors i lectores, per exemple: Qu\u00e8 se sent tan lluny de la terra? Qu\u00e8 mengen els astronautes? Qu\u00e8 investiguen? \u00bfFaran caminades espacials? Com van al bany amb aquest vestit tan pesat?<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-30497 lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 300px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 300\/225;margin: 9px auto; vertical-align: middle; display: block;\" data-src=\"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/astronauta_3.jpg\" alt=\"astronauta 3\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/astronauta_3.jpg 800w, https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/astronauta_3-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/astronauta_3-768x576.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\">Un bell planeta <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\">La visi\u00f3 del planeta \u00e9s impressionant. Cristoforetti no amaga el seu entusiasme en\u00a0 contemplar des de dalt la bellesa de la qual gaudim, de vegades sense ser-ne conscients\u00a0 els habitants de la Terra.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\">Des de l&#8217;altura es veuen els mars, els brodats incre\u00efbles dels n\u00favols, el verd dels boscos, els colors canviants de llacs i llacunes, les matinades rosades. No es perceben les ciutats, les obres enginyoses que els \u00e9ssers humans han constru\u00eft, i tampoc les destruccions i patiments que s&#8217;estan produint amb les guerres, o la repartici\u00f3 injusta dels recursos.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 10pt;\">A l&#8217;estaci\u00f3 col\u00b7laboren tranquil\u00b7lament russos i nord-americans, oblidant la geopol\u00edtica que crea tensions a Ucra\u00efna. El planeta blau \u00e9s bonic, molt bonic, i t\u00e9 vida en abund\u00e0ncia per a moltes esp\u00e8cies, si no el sobre-explotem. Els humans, podr\u00edem recomen\u00e7ar o repensar la Hist\u00f2ria, per fer-ho millor?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'trebuchet ms', geneva; font-size: 8pt;\">Fotos: Imatges de Samantha Cristoforetti a la p\u00e0gina de esa.int<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 Hi havia una vegada un m\u00f3n on les nenes somiaven ser de grans, princeses o cantants; els nens, futbolistes o astronautes. Ja s&#8217;ha trencat el tab\u00fa: Samantha Cristoforetti, 37 anys, \u00e9s la tercera dona astronauta europea, i la [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":87,"featured_media":30495,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26449],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61249","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ciencia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>M\u00e9s amunt del sostre de vidre, el desafiament d&#039;una dona astronauta | La Independent<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hi havia una vegada en que les nenes somiaven ser, de grans, princeses o cantants; els nens, futbolistes o astronautes. Ja s&#039;ha trencat el tab\u00fa: Samantha Cristoforetti, 37 anys, \u00e9s la tercera dona astronauta europea, i la primera a It\u00e0lia.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/en\/mes-amunt-del-sostre-de-vidre-el-desafiament-duna-dona-astronauta\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"M\u00e9s amunt del sostre de vidre, el desafiament d&#039;una dona astronauta | La Independent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hi havia una vegada en que les nenes somiaven ser, de grans, princeses o cantants; els nens, futbolistes o astronautes. 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