{"id":56622,"date":"2012-03-14T18:12:01","date_gmt":"2012-03-14T17:12:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/entrevista-a-leurodiputada-edith-bauer-a-igual-treball-igual-sou\/"},"modified":"2023-02-25T00:02:55","modified_gmt":"2023-02-24T23:02:55","slug":"entrevista-a-leurodiputada-edith-bauer-a-igual-treball-igual-sou","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/en\/entrevista-a-leurodiputada-edith-bauer-a-igual-treball-igual-sou\/","title":{"rendered":"Entrevista a l’Eurodiputada Edith Bauer. A igual treball, igual sou"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Edith Bauer<\/strong>, forma part\u00a0de la Comissi\u00f3\u00a0de Drets de la\u00a0Dona\u00a0i Igualtat\u00a0de G\u00e8nere del Parlament Europeu,\u00a0ponent\u00a0 de l’informe “<\/strong>Sobre l’aplicaci\u00f3 del\u00a0principi\u00a0d’igualtat\u00a0de retribuci\u00f3\u00a0entre les treballadores\u00a0i treballadors\u00a0per al mateix treball el mateix sou.”<\/strong> Va n\u00e9ixer l’any\u00a01946 a Samor\u00edn (Somorja), una petita\u00a0ciutat\u00a0de l’oest d’Eslov\u00e0quia,\u00a0al sud-est\u00a0de Bratislava. Edith Bauer <\/strong>\u00e9s\u00a0una pol\u00edtica\u00a0eslovaca\u00a0d’origen\u00a0hongar\u00e8s,\u00a0diputada del\u00a0Parlament\u00a0Europeu\u00a0des del 2004.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00c9s economista\u00a0i Doctora\u00a0en Sociologia.\u00a0Membre\u00a0del Partit de la Coalici\u00f3\u00a0Hongaresa\u00a0(SMK-MKP) (1990). Actualment,en el Parlament Europeu, forma part\u00a0del Grup “Partit\u00a0Popular Europeu” (Dem\u00f2crata-Cristi\u00e0).\u00a0El Grup\u00a0del Partit\u00a0Popular Europeu\u00a0(Grup\u00a0PPE) \u00e9s el m\u00e9s\u00a0nombr\u00f3s\u00a0del Parlament Europeu,\u00a0amb 271\u00a0diputats i diputades. En el seu web\u00a0diuen que \u00a0“reuneixen forces pol\u00edtiques\u00a0europeistes\u00a0de centre\u00a0i centre-dreta dels\u00a0Estats\u00a0membres de la UE”.<\/span><\/p>\n

La Independent<\/strong> va entrevistar a Edith Bauer<\/strong> a la seu del Parlament Europeu a Brussel\u00b7les, per tractar alguns temes com: les difer\u00e8ncies salarials entre dones i homes al seu pa\u00eds i a Europa; tamb\u00e9 que ens expliqu\u00e9s com estan els drets de les dones i ens valor\u00e9s la rebuda que ha tingut l’informe que ha presentat davant de la reuni\u00f3 interparlament\u00e0ria, el passat 8 de mar\u00e7 al Parlament Europeu.<\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

Creu que la crisi econ\u00f2mica ha afectat als drets laborals de les dones?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Es aviat per avaluar-lo. <\/span><\/span><\/strong>Per exemple, el que tenim com a dades preliminars s\u00f3n estudis sobre “la bretxa salarial de g\u00e8nere” anteriors al 2010, No tenim dades del 2011.\u00a0Nom\u00e9s ens basem en els estudis del 2009 al 2010, necessitarem m\u00e9s temps per descobrir l’impacte de la crisi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Els Estats Europeus durant la crisi han estat retallant les despeses socials de “l’antic” model de “l’Estat del Benestar”. Quina \u00e9s la seva opini\u00f3 sobre la reducci\u00f3 d’aquestes despeses p\u00fabliques en educaci\u00f3, salut, etc.?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c9s crucial fer-ho, per\u00f2 aquestes mesures econ\u00f2miques a vegades van massa lluny.\u00a0 A vegades \u00e9s dif\u00edcil reconciliar les despeses de l’Estat del benestar amb els deutes sobirans.\u00a0El Deute sobir\u00e0 de l’Estat \u00e9s castigat per la Uni\u00f3 Europea, encara que la situaci\u00f3 \u00e9s dolenta. <\/span>Desafortunadament en alguns casos, tindrem conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies molt dolentes en la qualitat de vida de la gent.<\/span><\/p>\n

Quina\u00a0\u00e9s la posici\u00f3\u00a0del seu partit\u00a0pol\u00edtic sobre\u00a0aquest tema?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u00ed, el meu\u00a0partit\u00a0pol\u00edtic\u00a0est\u00e0 cercant\u00a0la sostenibilitat del sistema\u00a0financer.<\/span><\/p>\n

De vegades les\u00a0mesures\u00a0d’austeritat\u00a0poden\u00a0arribar a ser\u00a0contraproduents\u00a0i\u00a0tinc la sensaci\u00f3\u00a0que la influ\u00e8ncia d’aquesta\u00a0contra-productivitat\u00a0pot ser\u00a0subvalorada.<\/span><\/p>\n

Quina \u00e9s la conclusi\u00f3 m\u00e9s important del seu informe?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

L’informe explica clarament que la difer\u00e8ncia salarial entre dones i homes \u00e9s un tema complexe amb moltes dimensions.\u00a0Una d’elles \u00e9s la legislaci\u00f3, aix\u00f2 significa que dep\u00e8n de la segregaci\u00f3 horitzontal i vertical de l’economia, dep\u00e8n de les condicions de la reconciliaci\u00f3 entre la vida familiar i la vida laboral, dep\u00e8n dels estereotips, de l’educaci\u00f3 que es tria i de la professi\u00f3 que exerceix la dona o l’home.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dep\u00e8n de molts factors, per\u00f2, la situaci\u00f3 \u00e9s que la Uni\u00f3 Europea \u00e9s qui t\u00e9 una legislaci\u00f3 molt antiga relacionada amb ” A igual treball, igual sou” \u00a0(Equal pay for Equal work)”.\u00a0Per\u00f2 a la pr\u00e0ctica l’estad\u00edstica mostra que \u00e9s completament diferent.<\/span><\/p>\n

La pregunta que jo em faig \u00e9s: quina \u00e9s la nostra responsabilitat? Al Parlament Europeu no podem ignorar que la nostra responsabilitat \u00e9s tractar de millorar la legislaci\u00f3 per fer-la m\u00e9s efectiva. Llavors, nosaltres intentem trobar algunes regles per millorar aquesta legislaci\u00f3 i fer-la m\u00e9s efectiva.\u00a0Vam tenir l’anomenat (Recast Directive 2006\/54\/EC, Directiva de l’any 2006), per\u00f2 no ha canviat la situaci\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

En veritat la bretxa salarial disminueix molt lentament, per aix\u00f2, tractem d’iniciar alguns canvis en la legislaci\u00f3 que poden ajudar a fer-la m\u00e9s transparent, fins i tot que puguin donar m\u00e9s poder de decisi\u00f3 als diverses organismes socials (Social parners). <\/span>Perqu\u00e8 creiem que tots poden actuar, no \u00e9s nom\u00e9s la nostra responsabilitat, tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s la responsabilitat de les v\u00edctimes de la discriminaci\u00f3 portar aquests casos a les Corts.\u00a0En alguns casos, \u00e9s f\u00e0cil, en altres \u00e9s realment complicat.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Una altra pregunta que deixem a l’aire \u00e9s com la Comissi\u00f3 s’ha d’agilitzar per fer que l’acc\u00e9s a la reparaci\u00f3 legal d’aquests casos sigui m\u00e9s f\u00e0cil. Hauria de ser per mitj\u00e0 dels organismes d’igualtat o dels serveis\u00a0d’inspecci\u00f3 laboral o apoderant diversos col\u00b7lectius que portin els casos a la just\u00edcia, a les Corts. Hi ha algunes possibilitats, i \u00e9s clar que no podem crear la il\u00b7lusi\u00f3\u00a0que les coses canviaran per mitj\u00e0 de la legislaci\u00f3, no estem en aquest cas.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\"dones_europarlamentaries\"<\/span><\/p>\n

L’europarlamentaria Edith Bauer el 7 de mar\u00e7<\/span><\/p>\n

Quines dates s’estan pensant per aquests canvis?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Aix\u00f2 ve de la directiva (Recast 54 del 2006), perqu\u00e8 el mes de febrer de l’any que ve, la comissi\u00f3 tindr\u00e0 l’obligaci\u00f3 de treure una avaluaci\u00f3 del que s’ha implementat.\u00a0La informaci\u00f3 que tenim del coneixement preliminar i els estudis dels experts \u00e9s que no s’ha avan\u00e7at.\u00a0En aquesta connexi\u00f3, demanem a la Comissi\u00f3 que millori la Directiva amb l’objectiu que sigui m\u00e9s efectiva.<\/span><\/p>\n

Creu que les quotes poden ser una soluci\u00f3 per millorar la situaci\u00f3 de les dones?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

La senyora Viviane Redin<\/strong>g, va iniciar un proc\u00e9s de consulta, aquest proc\u00e9s haur\u00e0 de comen\u00e7ar abans de sortir la legislaci\u00f3, aquesta \u00e9s probablement la primera fase, \u00e9s discutible si les quotes ajudaran o no.<\/span><\/p>\n

En el Parlament, tenim diverses visions d’aix\u00f2, per\u00f2 pot ajudar, com una mesura temporal.\u00a0Estic en part d’acord amb el que diu la senyora Reding<\/strong>, en l’aspecte de que no son tan importants les quotes, com els resultats.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jo hi veig una possibilitat, una oportunitat en que es llanci aquesta mesura temporal per donar poder al g\u00e8nere infrarepresentat.<\/span><\/p>\n

A Europa tenim difer\u00e8ncies entre el nord, el Sud o l’Est. Com podem reduir les difer\u00e8ncies en els drets laborals en relaci\u00f3 al g\u00e8nere, entre aquests pa\u00efsos?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Vost\u00e8 t\u00e9 ra\u00f3, tenim diferents experi\u00e8ncies pr\u00e0ctiques en relaci\u00f3 a la bretxa salarial.\u00a0He vist en alguns pa\u00efsos que totes les propostes que enumerem en l’informe v\u00e9nen de diferents pr\u00e0ctiques positives.\u00a0Per\u00f2 aquestes experi\u00e8ncies tamb\u00e9 depenen de les tradicions i de les condicions concretes dels diferents pa\u00efsos membres.\u00a0Perqu\u00e8 en aquest camp tenim diferents pr\u00e0ctiques.<\/span><\/p>\n

En concret parlant de la Baixa per maternitat o paternitat, com es poden reduir les difer\u00e8ncies?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c9s una llarga hist\u00f2ria, tenim una resoluci\u00f3 al Parlament des del Consell\u00a0de m\u00e9s dos anys.\u00a0He criticat molt sovint que hem anat molt lluny.\u00a0Alguns pa\u00efsos no poden acceptar les mateixes lleis, at\u00e8s que el finan\u00e7ament de les baixes est\u00e0 fet de diverses maneres.\u00a0Cada pa\u00eds t\u00e9 la seva manera de finan\u00e7ar les baixes, en alguns pa\u00efsos s\u00f3n pagades per les empreses privades, en altres pel sistema d’assegurances, en altres per l’Estat. B\u00e9… llavors no va ser un bon moment per llan\u00e7ar una nova llei.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tinc la sensaci\u00f3 que en aquest cas, ser\u00e0 molt complicat arribar a un acord amb un est\u00e0ndard m\u00ednim com\u00fa per a la baixa de maternitat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Quina \u00e9s la situaci\u00f3 de la Baixa de maternitat a Eslov\u00e0quia?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Tenim mig any de baixa, part de la qual pot ser utilitzada pel pare, per\u00f2 no \u00e9s obligatori.\u00a0Tenim tres anys de baixa (maternal i paternal) es poden utilitzar fins que la nena o el nen\u00a0tingui vuit anys, per\u00f2 el desavantatge \u00e9s que es d\u00f3na un subsidi molt baix, molt mal pagat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sermpre \u00e9s\u00a0 la mateixa q\u00fcesti\u00f3, si hi ha una llarga baixa de maternitat o paternitat, el subsidi \u00e9s molt baix i viceversa. Si es t\u00e9 una baixa curta, llavors la paga ser\u00e0 m\u00e9s alta.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fins i tot a Isl\u00e0ndia, on tenen subsidis molt generosos per a la baixa parental, no tenen baixa de maternitat.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Llavors….les \u00a0lleis dels diversos pa\u00efsos s\u00f3n tan diferents que llan\u00e7ar un nou model \u00e9s molt dif\u00edcil.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Edith Bauer, forma part\u00a0de la Comissi\u00f3\u00a0de Drets de la\u00a0Dona\u00a0i Igualtat\u00a0de G\u00e8nere del Parlament Europeu,\u00a0ponent\u00a0 de l’informe “Sobre l’aplicaci\u00f3 del\u00a0principi\u00a0d’igualtat\u00a0de retribuci\u00f3\u00a0entre les treballadores\u00a0i treballadors\u00a0per al mateix treball el mateix sou.” Va n\u00e9ixer l’any\u00a01946 a Samor\u00edn (Somorja), una petita\u00a0ciutat\u00a0de l’oest d’Eslov\u00e0quia,\u00a0al sud-est\u00a0de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":83,"featured_media":27604,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26305],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-56622","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-igualtat"],"yoast_head":"\nEntrevista a l'Eurodiputada Edith Bauer. 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