{"id":56192,"date":"2012-01-31T09:25:32","date_gmt":"2012-01-31T08:25:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/cuba-en-moments-de-canvi-pensar-en-les-dones\/"},"modified":"2012-01-31T09:25:32","modified_gmt":"2012-01-31T08:25:32","slug":"cuba-en-moments-de-canvi-pensar-en-les-dones","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/laindependent.cat\/en\/cuba-en-moments-de-canvi-pensar-en-les-dones\/","title":{"rendered":"Cuba: En moments de canvi, pensar en les dones"},"content":{"rendered":"

En els moments de transformaci\u00f3 econ\u00f2mica i social que viu Cuba \u00e9s urgent pensar quin tipus de canvi es vol i fins on aquest influir\u00e0 en els aven\u00e7os experimentats per les cubanes en els \u00faltims 50 anys.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>Sobre aquest i altres assumptes va debatre el col \u00b7 loqui “\u00c8tica i pol\u00edtica en el moviment de dones”, realitzat els dies 25 i 26 de gener a l’Havana, organitzat pel Grup Am\u00e8rica Llatina: Filosofia Social i Axiologia (Galfisa).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

La trobada va donar la possibilitat d’escoltar, intercanviar i aportar m\u00faltiples mirades a temes com la necessitat d’aprofundir en el feminisme revolucionari cub\u00e0, la cr\u00edtica al patriarcat i el dest\u00ed de les dones. <\/span>Les transformacions ocorregudes al pa\u00eds en l’\u00faltim mig segle han perm\u00e9s a les cubanes ser el 66 per cent de la for\u00e7a laboral i m\u00e9s de la meitat de la for\u00e7a t\u00e8cnica, en el sector estatal del pa\u00eds.<\/span><\/p>\n

En un entorn internacional marcat per la crisi, Cuba desenvolupa un proc\u00e9s de transformacions inserides en el que s’ha anomenat actualitzaci\u00f3 del seu model econ\u00f2mic, a la recerca de major productivitat i efici\u00e8ncia.<\/span><\/p>\n

Com a part d’aquest cam\u00ed, es preveu racionalitzar m\u00e9s d’un mili\u00f3 de llocs de treball del sector estatal i ampliar el treball en el sector no estatal, com una alternativa m\u00e9s d’ocupaci\u00f3. Per especialistes, aix\u00f2 podria incidir negativament en el sector femen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Estudiosos adverteixen que si b\u00e9 64,7 per cent dels graduats universitaris i 66,4 per cent de la for\u00e7a t\u00e8cnica i professional del pa\u00eds s\u00f3n dones, les opcions d’oferta per al treball privat resulten molt prec\u00e0ries i pobres pel que fa \u00a0al nivell de coneixements tant per a elles com per als homes.<\/span><\/p>\n

Integrants del m\u00f3n acad\u00e8mic, organitzacions no governamentals, institucions i projectes participatius que desenvolupen processos de capacitaci\u00f3 i formaci\u00f3 al llarg de tota l’illa, van analitzar els punts que els uneixen, aix\u00ed com la necessitat i viabilitat de l’articulaci\u00f3 a partir d’interessos comuns.<\/span><\/p>\n

Georgina Alfonso Gonz\u00e1lez<\/strong>, coordinadora del projecte de recerca “\u00c8tica i pol\u00edtica en el moviment de dones”, va declarar a SEMLac que la trobada va ser concebuda com a espai per exposar els resultats parcials del mapatge realitzat en les m\u00e9s de 76 experi\u00e8ncies que treballen temes de g\u00e8nere, dona i feminisme i possibilitar l’intercanvi entre tothom\u00a0qui l’executa.<\/span><\/p>\n

D’acord amb Alfonso<\/strong>, les entrevistes aplicades denoten preocupacions al voltant de l’ocupaci\u00f3 femenina en fam\u00edlies on les dones s\u00f3n les caps de la llar: Les escasses oportunitats per al treball per compte propi, la reproducci\u00f3 de la vida i la forma de participaci\u00f3 en espais de presa de decisions, que encara funcionen amb patrons patriarcals i masclistes.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

“Nom\u00e9s es d\u00f3na l’emancipaci\u00f3 si hi ha possibilitats reals de produir i reproduir la vida de manera emancipada, en cas contrari estem reproduint altres l\u00f2giques. Cal integrar en el debat econ\u00f2mic el que est\u00e0 succeint en les pr\u00e0ctiques perqu\u00e8 el tema de l’ocupaci\u00f3 \u00e9s essencial” , va dir.<\/span><\/p>\n

“El projecte social cub\u00e0 ha desencadenat moltes emancipacions internement i \u00e9s un projecte per reflexionar i endinsar-s’hi”,\u00a0opin\u00e0 Yohanka Le\u00f3n del Rio<\/strong>, de Galfisa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gilberto Vald\u00e9s<\/strong>, coordinador d’aquest grup, va considerar important reivindicar cr\u00edticament, per\u00f2 amb una mirada sense prejudicis i justa, la hist\u00f2ria del moviment de dones a Cuba, el perfil que li va atorgar a la lluita antiesclavista i anticolonial al segle XIX i, posteriorment, els corrents feministes de la primera meitat del segle XX.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alhora, va destacar que l’estrat\u00e8gia desenvolupada pel proc\u00e9s cub\u00e0, des de 1959, va situar a les dones i la societat en conjunt en una ruta de autoemancipaci\u00f3 que permet avui redefinir i enfrontar creativament els nous desafiaments de cara als canvis.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Avui hem de ser feministes anticapitalistes, el que significa recon\u00e8ixer que existeixen les discriminacions-\u00e8tniques, racials, et\u00e0ries, per nocions sexuals-\u00a0 com a components del sistema de dominaci\u00f3 m\u00faltiple i expressions d’una civilitzaci\u00f3 explotadora, davant la qual no ens hem d’aturar si volem mantenir i fer m\u00e9s plena la llibertat aconseguida “, va assenyalar Vald\u00e9s<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Per Wilmer P\u00e9rez<\/strong>, de l’Institut d’Hist\u00f2ria, l’experi\u00e8ncia cubana va deixar una empremta alliberadora en molts sentits i avui un dels reptes que enfronta \u00e9s el d’articular un respecte efectiu a la diversitat i la necessitat de vincular els dominis pol\u00edtics, econ\u00f2mics, \u00e8tics i culturals.<\/span><\/p>\n

La periodista i investigadora Isabel Moya <\/strong>va considerar que un dels grans desafiaments per a les persones que estudien aquests assumptes \u00e9s escriure, debatre i problematitzar sobre aquests temes, reconeixent l’exist\u00e8ncia de m\u00faltiples feminismes. <\/span>Segons la seva opini\u00f3, tant des de l’acad\u00e8mia com des d’altres espais ” hi ha molta feina a fer: estudiar, escriure i, sobretot, sistematitzar, teoritzar i debatre”.<\/span><\/p>\n

Els canvis succeeixen\u00a0no nom\u00e9s a Cuba sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 en altres pa\u00efsos d’Am\u00e8rica Llatina, enmig d’un entorn mundial de crisi econ\u00f2mica i moviments de protesta en desenes de pa\u00efsos.<\/span><\/p>\n

A la cita, en qu\u00e8 van participar tamb\u00e9 activistes de M\u00e8xic, Equador, Guatemala i Espanya, es van escoltar reflexions sobre la realitat llatinoamericana, la despatriarcalizaci\u00f3n, la diversitat i la gesti\u00f3 col\u00b7lectiva.<\/span><\/p>\n

Per la reproducci\u00f3 de la vida i no del capital es va pronunciar Irene Le\u00f3n<\/strong>, feminista equatoriana. “Es tracta de recuperar una possibilitat de futur col\u00b7lectiu, no individualista ni aliat a les lleis i regles del capital i l’acumulaci\u00f3 de riqueses per a un petit grup”, va dir a SEMLac Le\u00f3n<\/strong>, que va ponderar la inclusi\u00f3 de les cosmogonies i les poblacions origin\u00e0ries en els processos pol\u00edtics a Bol\u00edvia i Equador.<\/span><\/p>\n

La trobada, organitzada al costat de la Federaci\u00f3 de Dones Cubanes (FMC), s’insereix en el projecte \u00c8tica i pol\u00edtica del moviment de dones i desafiaments del feminisme i el socialisme a Cuba al segle XXI, que desenvolupa Galfisa.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

En els moments de transformaci\u00f3 econ\u00f2mica i social que viu Cuba \u00e9s urgent pensar quin tipus de canvi es vol i fins on aquest influir\u00e0 en els aven\u00e7os experimentats per les cubanes en els \u00faltims 50 anys.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Sobre […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":72,"featured_media":27480,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26629],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-56192","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-p-moviments-socials"],"yoast_head":"\nCuba: En moments 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